Composite beam.



P. M. STEWART! COMPDSHE BEAM.

.APPLICATION man MAE. 4, |916.

1,243,900. Patented oet. 16, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I,

[nz/en for` gjm #HMM A'diorngy P. M. STEWART.

COMPOSITE BEAM. APPLacAUoN mw MAR. 4. |1116* 1,243,000. Patented oct. 16,1917'.

2 SHZES-SHEET 2.

Invenior UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PEREZ M. STEWART, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOB T0 GERTRUDE F. STEWART, 0F

' NEW YORK, N. Y.

COMPOSITE BEAM.

Speoication of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 4, 1916. Serial No. 82.228.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PEREZ M. STEWART, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Manhattan, in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Composite Beams, ot' which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a speciiication, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to a portable cornposite bar, which is ada ted among other uses to be em loyed in the construction of buildings, bri ges and the like.

The invention has for its object to provide a portable composite bar, which is strong, light, and comparatively inexpensive and is capable of being made at the mill or on the joh, and which is adapted for use as abeam, girder or other part of the building or other structure.

To this end, the composite bar is provided with substantially parallel side members and with 4a. center or intermediate member of plastic material, such as gypsum, concrete of the like.

The sido members may and preferably will be made of metal' barsor plates, which may be substantially thin and light, and which are secured together in substantially close proximity to each other so as to be handled as one piece, by tie bars or rods, and are separated b suitable spacing devices.

The plastic material may, in some cases, be provided with a metal reinforcement, which extends lengthwise of the side members and through restraining devices, as will be dcscribed. 4

The side platesl may be of any desired form or shape and may be made untianged or provided with flanges as desired.

The plastic member may he extended below the lower edges of the side plates, for a pur ose as will be described.

` T lese and other features of this invention will be pointed out in the clainis at the end of this speciiiaition.

Figure l is a cross section of a floor of novel construction in which composite bars embodying this invention are used as beams and girdcrs.

Fig. 2, an enlarged view with parts broken away of the floor construction shown in Fig. 1.

Athey are connected together and secured Fig. 3, a side elevation of the composite bar shown in Fig. 1, and

Fig. 4, a plan vView of the bar with the plastic member omitted.

Referring to the drawing and es ecially Figs. 3 and 4, 10, 12, represent the si e inembers of the composite bar, said members being shown as substantially thin metal bars or plates having outwardly extended bottom flanges 13, 14;` but it will be understood that the plates or bars 10, 12', may be without flanges or provided with flanges at their top and bottom. 4

The metal bars 10, 12, are arranged in substantially close proximity to each other and may and preferably will be parallel, arid 1n fixed relation at points in their length so as to be handled as one piece, by suitable devices, sueh as bars or tie rods or bolts 15, and a i'e separated by spacing devices, preferably inetal sleeves 16 on said bolts.

lhe space between the side members 10, 12, is filled with plastic material 20, such as gypsum, concrete and the like, which constitutes the intermediate or center non-metallic iiieinher oi' the composite bar, which Will be lwreiuatier referred to as the plastic member of the said bar' 'lhel plastic member may be strengthened by a metal reinforcement of any suitable construction, but which is shown in the present instance as a metal rod Q1, which is extended ili the direction of the length of the bar and is passed under the intermediate tie rods oi' bolts l5 and may be extended through and secured .to restraining 'plates or devices 23, as represented in Figs. 3 and 4. l lhe plastic-A mcmber when set adheres firmly to the metal side members, and. is bonded thereto, so as to form one rigid bar, which is capable ot' beinghandled as one piece and transported from the mill to the job, or which can be made on the job and handled as the ordinary steel girder, beam or bai'. The plastic ineu'iber when set serves to stitl'en and strengthen the side members, while permitting them to made thin, light and inexpensive.

Thecomp'osite bars among other uses, are 4 especially ada ted to be employed` inthe Hoor construction of buildings, and in Fig. 1, l have shown the same as used as beams, which are seen red at their ends to girders 24,

' plastic material,

vmetal dome 33.

- the opposite end of deiiecting members secured to the or rest on angles or plates practised with girders in the manner now steel beams.

Referring to Fig. 1, the com oslte beams marked a, b, are secured at t eir ends to girders, only one 24 of which 1s shown.

The intermediate plastic members 20 of the beams a, b, are shown as extended below the bottom Aflan es 13, 14, of the side members 10, 12, and ave bonded to them a la er 25 of plastic material, such as plaster, which forms a ceiling slab and is preferably keyed to the projecting portion 26 of the intermediate member 20 of the composite beams. In the present instance, the pro]ec t ing end 26 of the intermediate member 20 is. provided on its opiposite sides with grooves 27, which are fille with ribs 28 on the ce1l. ing slab 425. The layer 25 of plaster is supported by a layer 30 of metal, preferablywire mesh, which extends under the' beams and is su ported from the bottom flanges 13, 14, o the side membersl, 12, as by bolts or rods 31. 'The ceiling slab closes the bottom of the span between the beams, and above this slab is located a metal form or plate 33, which is .preferably dome-shaped and corrugated an which may rest upon the bottom flanges 13, 14, `or as herein shown upon the ceiling slab, upon which latter the metal dome 33 isv placed after the ceiling 'slab has set suliiciently to sustain the said dome. The space above'the metal dome 33 and between the latter and the side members of the. com osite beams is lled with a body or layer o concrete, gypsum or other which forms a floor slab 36 and extends over the composite beams and is bonded to the plastic member 20 thereof, and said body or layer 36 is reinforced by metal tension members 38 extended under cross bars or rods 39 which may extend from irder to girder and be secured in xed reation to the same, and which serve as defleeting members for the tension members 38 of the iloor slab 36, which rests uppn the The tension mem ers, 38

ma beplaced under tension by securing one emi1 to a composite beam by bending the end L,L0 of the said member over the beam and then passing them over the next adjacent composite beam and so on for the length of the tension members, and finally securing the latter to a composite beam.

The deiecting members 39 are the tension members and may an will beused as supporting laced upon preferably members for the 6r which purpose thel metal dome may be suspended from the eye-bolts 41. y

In practice, the wire mesh 30 may be first, secured to the iianges 13, 14, of the compos-J ite beamsand the plaster layer 25 is then" by suitablextielvres or Vnatacion uw lied thereto to form the ceiling slab. en this slab has set suiciently, the metal dome 33 is placed u on the same.

The tension nem ers 38 are then placed in position and secured to the restraining plates or devices 23, and the delecting memers are then placed in position above the tension members. The concrete 36 is dumped or otherwise laced upon the lmetal dome and uponjshe anges 13, 14, of the side members of the composite beams with the result that a reinforced concrete building structure is obtained at a minimum expense, as the metal plates or bars thereof can e made thin and ight, which not only reduces the cost of the metal structure but also reduces the weight to be sustained to such extent, that thinner and less expensive foundation walls and piers may be used, which lessens the cost of the building.

The dome is supported at its ends, and when the weight of the concrete is placed upon the dome, the latter is deflected at its center, and the deflection of the center of the dome causes the deecting member to which it is tied to be moved suiciently to place the tension member for the lioor slab under permanent deiection and tension.

By providing the beams at their ends with the restraining plates or devices to which the tension member 21 is secured, the full4 compressive value ofthe concrete and the tensile strength of the steel reinforcement coordinate perfectly and in unison, and thereby ,develop the full value of each material Vin the beams.

While the composite bar is especially adapted for building constructions, it is not desired to limit the invention in this respect as the said composite bar can be' used to .ad` vantage in other structures, as, for instance, in bridges and the like.

Claims: .e

1. Apportable composite'beam comprising -Imettil side members arranged in substantially close proximit to each other, bolts extended through sai side members between their' ends to tie said members together, sleeyes mounted on said bolts between said side members to space them apart, an intermediate member of plastic material bonded to said side members and movable therewith as"a one-piece bar capable of being handled assuch, and a metal reinforcement forsaid yplastic member extended in the direction of the length of said side members under said bolts and in'contact with said sleeves y side members to space them apart, an intermediate member of plastic material bonded to said side members and movable therewith as a one-pieee bar capable of being handled as such, a reinforcin rod for said plastic member extended iin er said bolts in contact with said sleeves to be restrained thereby, and restraining plates at the ends of said side members to which said reinforcing rod is secured.

3. A portable composite beani comprising metal side members arranged iii substantially close proximity to each other, devices for tying said side members together to be handled as one pieee. end plates eoiperating with said side members, a reinforcing,r rod extended iindei said tying,l devices and contacting' therewith to be restrained thereby and secured :it its ends to said end plates, and an intermediate member ol' plastie imiterial bonded to said side members and enveloping' said lying` deviees and reinforcingl rod.

1t. portable composite beam eoniprisinfin side members` arranged in substantially elose proximity to eaeh other, devices lor tying' said iside membersl together to be handled las one piec'e, :in intermediate member ol' plastic material bonded to said side members and movable therewith as a one-pieee beam capable ol' being,l handled as sneb. and a metal reiiil'oreement l'or said plastic niember extended in the direi-tion oll the length of said `side members and eoperaliiir with tbe said tying deviees lo be resi rained thereby against, npward moiement.

Ti. A\ portable composite beam comprisiii;l side members arranged in snbstantialllv elose proximity to eaeh other. devices l'or tibi;r said side member,` together lo be handled as one piel-e, an intermediate niembeil of plastii iiiiitei'ial bonded lo said sido niemb'ei'sy and movable tlierewilli as a onepieee bar capable of being handled as sneh, and a metal reinl'oreemenl l'or said plastic member extended under said tyingr devices in eontaet there ith to be restrained thereby against upward movement and in the direction ot' the length of said side members.

(i. The combination with composite beams provided with side members having flanges at their lower portions, and an intermediate plastic member bonded to said side members and having a portion extended below said flanges, of a wire mesh located below said beams, means t'or seeiii'inrr said mesh to Said flanges. and a layer of plastic material supported by said mesh and bonded to the pro- Jet-tingr portions of the plastic intermediate members ol' said beams.

T. A poiliible composite beam comprising side membersl arranged in substantially elose proximity to eaeli other, a device for tying said side members together to be handled as one pieee and extended through the side membersbelow the iipper surfaces ot' the latter. an intermediate member of plastiiman-rial between said side members and envelopingv said tying' device, and a metal reinl'oreenient for lsaid plastic niembei' extended iii -tbe' direetioii otl the length ot' .said side members and eoiiperating with said tying le-vire to 'be restrained thereby against upward movement'.

H. portable eomposite beam comprising side members, a sleeve interposed between said side members and located below their iippei' siiifaees. means ext-ended through said side members for supportingr said sleeve and tying said side members` together. an intermediate member of plastic material between said side members and enveloping said sleeve, and a metal reiiit'orcenient for .said plas-lie material extended in the, direction of llie length ot' Asaid side members and coperating with said sleeve to be restrained tlierelrv against npward movement.

In testimony wbereot, 1 have signed my name to this speeilieation.

Pl It ICU M. STE lVART. 

